Lord Hanuman is well known for his extreme devotion to Lord Rama. Lord Hanuman is always depicted in the Indian folklaire as an icon of true devotion and a symbol of the power of true devotion and chastity.
Lord Hanuman's devotion to Lord Rama is symbolic of the devotion of the enlightened individual soul towards the supreme soul.
Many stories from the Indian literature tell the tales of Lord Hanuman protecting devotees of Lord Rama and helping those who seek his either spiritually or otherwise. Swami Tulasidas has written these lines in respect of Lord Hanuman's great character, in praise of his powers and also devotion.
Lord Hanuman's devotion to Lord Rama is symbolic of the devotion of the enlightened individual soul towards the supreme soul.
Many stories from the Indian literature tell the tales of Lord Hanuman protecting devotees of Lord Rama and helping those who seek his either spiritually or otherwise. Swami Tulasidas has written these lines in respect of Lord Hanuman's great character, in praise of his powers and also devotion.
Hanuman Ji History In Patala Incident:
Hanuman: An Epic Hero
Hanuman: The Devotee of Lord Rama IT is hard to find a mythical character who is at once so powerful, learned, philosophic, humble and amusing! Hanuman features prominently in the great epics of Ramayana and the Mahabharata. Hanuman Meets Rama Hanuman met Rama and his brother Lakshmana while Rama was in exile in the jungle, and searching for his wife Sita who was abducted by Ravana. Their quest brought them near Pampa Lake at the foot of Mount Risyamukha, where the monkey king Sugriva and his ministers were hiding. Sugriva, who was being persecuted by his brother Bali, suspected that Rama and Lakshmana might have been sent by Bali to slay him. To find out the facts, Hanuman approached them in the guise of a Brahmin. In Service of Rama Hanuman's initial words highly impressed Rama, and made him comment: "None can talk this way without mastering the Vedas. He has such a flawless countenance, a wonderful accent, and a captivating way of speaking. He has the ability to move even an enemy..." After he revealed his identity as the prince of Ayodhya, Hanuman fell prostrate before him in respect of the Lord. Rama picked him up and embraced him. There began the story of Hanuman, which is inextricably interwoven with Rama, and dealt with in detail in Valmiki'sRamayana and the Tulsidas' Ramacharitamanas. To cut the long story of Hanuman short, he then introduced Rama to Sugriva, and began his massive search for Sita. Finding out her whereabouts, he consoled Sita, and burnt down the city of Lanka. Hanuman then brought Rama to Lanka, fought the battle against Ravana with his simian army, and vanquished the demons. Hanuman's greatest feat was saving the life of Lakshmana by fetching the life-giving herb "Sanjivani" from the Himalayas. He flew fast towards the Himalayas, but unable to recognise the right herb, picked up the whole mountain on his hand and flew back to Lanka, just in time to save Lakshmana. Thereafter Hanuman served Rama forever. Hanuman and the Pandavas The venerable ape also features in the great epic Mahabharata. How Hanuman met the valiant Bhima, one of the Pandava brothers is itself a marvelous tale. He recognized Bhima as his spiritual brother, since both were born with the blessings of Pavana, the Wind God, and promised to aid the Pandavas in the big battle of Kurukshetra. Hanuman positioned himself in the flag of Arjuna's chariot to secure and stabilize the war-craft. The triangular saffron flag of Hanuman stands for stability and equilibrium, sense-control and mind-control, and a sure sign of victory over all that is base and evil.
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. Hanuman (IPA: hʌnʊˈmɑn) is a Hindu deity, who was an ardent devotee of Rama according to the Hindu legends. He is a central character in the Indian epicRamayana, and also finds mentions in several other texts, including Mahabharata, the various Puranas and some Jain texts. A vanara (ape-like humanoid), Hanuman participated in Rama's war against the demon king Ravana. Several texts also present him as an incarnation of the Lord Shiva.
Etymology and other names Hanuman
Indonesian Balinese wooden statue of Hanuman The Sanskrit texts mention several legends about how Hanuman got his name. One legend is that Indra, the king of the deities, struck Hanuman's jaw during his childhood (see below). The child received his name from the Sanskrit words Hanu ("jaw") and -man (or -mant, "prominent" or "disfigured"). The name thus means "one with prominent or disfigured jaw".[1] Another theory says the name derives from the Sanskrit words Han ("killed" or "destroyed") andmaana (pride); the name implies "one whose pride was destroyed".[1] Some Jain texts mention that Hanuman spent his childhood on an island called Hanuruha, which is the origin of his name.[2] According to one theory, the name "Hanuman" derives from the proto-Dravidian word for male monkey (ana-mandi), which was later Sanskritized to "Hanuman" (see historical development below). Linguistic variations of Hanuman
Raja Ravi Varma's lithograph of Hanuman fetching the mountain
Vanaras
Sanskrit Transliteration हनुमान् Affiliation Devotee of Rama
Abode Earth Mantra Rama's Name Weapon Gada (mace)
"Hanuman" include Hanumat, Anuman (Tamil), Anoman (Indonesian), Andoman (Malay) and Hunlaman (Lao). Other names of Hanuman include: Anjaneya, Anjaniputra or Anjaneyudu (Telugu), all meaning "the son of Anjana". Kesari Nandan ("son of Kesari") Maruti ("son of Marut") or Pavanputra ("son of Pavan"); these names derive from the various names of Vayu, the deity who carried Hanuman to Anjana's womb Maharudra ("the great Rudra"), from the theory that Hanuman was an incarnation of Shiva (also known as Rudra) Bajrang Bali, "the strong one (bali), who has limbs (anga) as hard as a vajra (bajra)"; this name is widely used in rural North India[1] Sang Kera Pemuja Dewa Rama, Hanuman, the Indonesian for "The mighty devotee ape of Ram, Hanuman" Epithets and attributes In addition, Hanuman has received several epithets, including: Manojavam, the one who is swift as mind (appears in Ram Raksha Stotra) Maarutatulyavegam, the one who has a speed equal to the wind God (appears in Ram Raksha Stotra) Jitendriyam, the one who has complete control on his senses (appears in Ram Raksha Stotra) Buddhimataamvarishtham, the one who is most senior among intellectuals (appears in Ram Raksha Stotra) Vaataatmajam, the one who is the son of wind God (appears in Ram Raksha Stotra) Vaanarayoothamukhyam, the one who is the chief of vanara army (appears in Ram Raksha Stotra). Similar in meaning to - Vaanaraanamadheesham. Shreeraamdootam, the one who is the messenger of Rama (appears in Ram Raksha Stotra). Atulit Bal Dhaamam, the one who is the repository of incomparable strength. Hemshailaabh Deham, the one whose body resembles a golden mountain. Danujvan Krushanum, the one who is the destroyer of forces of demons. Gyaaninaam Agraganyam, the one who is considered foremost among knowledgeable beings. Sakal Gun Nidhaanam, the one who is the repository of all the virtues and good qualities. Raghupati Priya Bhaktam, the one who is the dearest of all devotees to Lord Rama. Sankat Mochan, the one who liberates (moc) from dangers (sankat)[1] In the 3rd chapter of Kishkindha Kaanda of Valmiki Ramayana[3], Rama describes many attributes of Hanuman's personality. Summarized as follows: Ablest sentence maker. Knower of all Vedas and Scriptures. Scholar in nine schools of grammars. Possessing faultless speech and facial features Historical development
Hanuman is characterized as a celibate in most Indian texts. However, in the ThaiRamakien, Hanuman falls in love with the pretty mermaid Suvannamaccha[4] The word "Vrsakapi" or "Vrishakapi", later used as an epithet for Hanuman, is mentioned in Rigveda (X:96). Some writers, such as Nilakantha (author of Mantra Ramayana) believe that the Vrishakapi of Rigveda alludes to Hanuman. However, other scholars believe that Hanuman is not mentioned in the Vedic mythology: the "Vrsakapi" of Rigveda refers to another deity[5] or is a common name for the monkeys.[6] F.E. Pargiter (1852-1927) theorized that Hanuman was aproto-Dravidian deity, and the name "Hanuman" was a Sanskritization of the Old Tamil word ana-mandi ("male monkey"). The Hindi writer Ray Govindchandra (1976) endorsed this view, and stated that the proto-Indo-Aryansmust have invented a Sanskrit etymology for the deity's name, after they accepted Hanuman in their pantheon.[7]Murray Emeneau disagrees with this theory, and states that the word mandi, as attested in Sangam literature, can refer only to a female monkey, and therefore, the word ana-mandi makes no semantic sense.[7] Camille Bulcke, in hisRamkatha: Utpatti Aur Vikas ("The tale of Rama: its origin and development"), traces the origins of Hanuman worship to the pre-Aryan, pre-Dravidian aboriginal tribes of Central India.[5] According to him, Valmiki's Ramayana was based on older tribal ballads. Hanuman came to be regarded as an avatar (incarnation) of Shiva by the 10th century CE (this development possibly started as early as in the 8th century CE).[5] Hanuman is mentioned as an avatar of Shiva or Rudra in the Sanskrit texts like Mahabhagvata Purana, Skanda Purana,Brhaddharma Purana and Mahanataka among others. This development might have been a result of the Shavite attempts to insert their ishta devata (cherished deity) in the Vaishnavite texts, which were gaining popularity.[5] The 17th century Oriya work Rasavinoda by Divakrsnadasa goes on to mention that the three gods – Brahma, Vishnu and Shiva – combined to the take the form of Hanuman.[8] Hanuman became more important in the medieval period, and came to be portrayed as the ideal devotee (bhakta) of Rama. His characterization as a lifelong brahmachari (celibate) was another important development during this period.[5] The myth that Hanuman's celibacy is the source of his strength became popular among the wrestlers in India.[9] The celibacy or brahmacharya aspect of Hanuman is not mentioned in the original Ramayana.[10] The original Valmiki Ramayana mentions thatBharata presented Hanuman with 16 maidens as a reward. The non-Indian versions of Ramayana, such as the Thai Ramakien, mention that Hanuman had relationships with multiple women, including Svayamprabha, Benjakaya (Vibhisana's daughter), Suvannamaccha and even Ravana's wifeMandodari.[5] According to these versions of the Ramayana, Macchanu is son of Hanuman borne by Suvannamaccha, daughter of Ravana.[11][12][13] The Jain text Paumacariya also mentions that Hanuman married Lankasundari, the daughter of Lanka's chief defender Bajramukha.[14] Another legend says that a demigod named Matsyaraja (also known as Makardhwaja or Matsyagarbha) claimed to be his son. Matsyaraja's birth is explained as follows: a fish (matsya) was impregnated by the drops of Hanuman's sweat, while he was bathing in the ocean.[5]
